Tuesday, September 8, 2026

بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 477

 بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 477

https://youtube.com/live/U5YTqb67odg



  1. VİDEO METADATA

  • Video ID: U5YTqb67odg

  • Title: بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 477 (Turkish Old Books Against Brain Engineering — Episode 477)

  • Publication Date: 2026-08-25

  • Duration: 1 hour 12 minutes 19 seconds (PT1H12M19S)

  1. PHYSICAL OBJECT COUNT

  • Physical Objects / Manuscripts / Prints: 1 primary historical manuscript examined in depth:

    • Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt / Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt (Ottoman Turkish poetic and prose compilation containing sermons (mevaiz), elegies (maktel), religious poetry, and supplications concerning the Ahl al-Bayt and historical events, featuring prayers for a sultan named Selim Han, likely Selim I or Selim II, preserved in library collections with modern restoration binding, water damage, and missing initial folios starting around folio/page 769).

  • Physical Manuscripts: 1 primary manuscript source examined in detail.

  1. PREVIOUS / NEW WITNESS STATUS

  • Previous Witness Continuation: Continuation of manuscript screening from institutional collections.

  • New Manuscript Witness: NEW / COMPARATIVE WITNESS (Manuscript witness of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt with prayers for Sultan Selim).

  1. PHYSICAL OBJECT MAP

  • OBJECT A: Manuscript codex of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (~416 pages / ~208 folios extant, starting around page 769 due to missing initial folios), featuring modern restoration binding, water damage, mixed prose and verse sections (muhibbi and religious poems), and panegyrics/prayers mentioning Sultan Selim Han.

  1. TEXT-UNIT DECOMPOSITION

  • A1: Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt).

  1. TITLE / IDENTIFICATION

  • Formal / Explicit Title: Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt).

    ::Catalogue Title:* Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Ottoman Manuscript Witness).

  • Speaker Title: Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt.

  1. INCIPIT / EXPLICIT

  • Incipit: Fragmentary beginning (extant text starting around folio/page 769 due to missing initial quires), featuring religious sermons and supplications [A].

    ::Explicit:* Terminal religious poetry and prayers for Sultan Selim Han ("Ziyad qıl Selim Han cihanda birmurad...") [A].

  1. COLOPHON

  • Colophon Literal: Prayers for the sovereign and religious verses [A].

  1. DATES + DATE FUNCTIONS

Date / YearCalendar / EraObjectText UnitTimestampEvidence TypeDate FunctionConfidence
Ottoman Era (Selim I / II reign)Hijri / GregorianObject AA1[01:10:57][C] Internal sovereign prayer referenceReign epoch / benchmark of the Selim panegyricModerate
  1. PERSONS + ROLES

Literal Form (Native Script)Normalized FormRoleObjectText UnitTimestampEvidence TypeConfidence
Səlim Han (سليم خان)Selim Han (Selim I / II)SOVEREIGN / DEDICATEEObject AA1[01:10:57][C] Sovereign mention in panegyric verseHigh
Əhlibeyt (اهل بيت)Ahl al-BaytCENTRAL SUBJECTObject AA1[00:44][C] Subject of sermons and elegiesHigh
  1. PLACES + FUNCTIONS

  • Holding Place: Institutional Library Collections [A].

  • Copy Place: Ottoman Empire.

  1. RULER

  • Ruler: Ottoman Sultan Selim I (or Selim II).

  • Historical Synchronism: 16th-century Ottoman scholarly and literary milieu.

  1. TURKISH / PERSIAN TEXT / REGISTER

  • Continuous Turkish Amount: HIGH (Ottoman Turkic religious prose, sermons, elegies, and mystical verse).

  • Form: PROSE and VERSE.

  • Register: Religious Literature / Sermons (Mevaiz) / Elegies (Maktel).

  1. DIAGNOSTIC FORMS

  • Diagnostic Forms: Mevaiz, Maktel-i Ehlibeyt, Selim Han, Muhibbi, Süleymaniye.

  1. MORPHOSYNTAX

  • Morphosyntax: Ottoman Turkic mixed prose and verse syntax, elegiac refrains, and sovereign prayer formulas.

  1. Insights / Script: Fine Ottoman manuscript Naskh/Nasta'liq scribe hand.

  2. ORTHOGRAPHY

  • Orthography: Traditional Arabic script orthography with modern restoration binding, water damage traces, missing initial quires, and rubrication.

  1. VOCALIZATION / PHONOGRAPHIC VALUE

  • Vocalization Density: LOW.

  • PHONOGRAPHIC VALUE: NONE.

  1. PALEOGRAPHIC Profile

  • Paleographic Profile: Episode 477 examines a manuscript witness of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt), an Ottoman Turkic compilation of religious sermons (mevaiz), elegies (maktel), and mystical poetry concerning the Ahl al-Bayt (~416 pages / ~208 folios extant). The manuscript exhibits missing initial quires (starting pagination/folio numbering around 769), modern restoration binding, extensive water damage, and terminal panegyric verses praying for Ottoman Sultan Selim Han ("Ziyad qıl Selim Han cihanda birmurad").

  1. LAYOUT / DESCRIPTIVE FEATURES

  • Layout: Single-column mixed Ottoman Turkic prose and verse layout, rubricated headings, modern restoration binding, water stains.

  • Decoration: Rubricated headings and verse markers.

  • Binding: Modern institutional restoration binding with original manuscript leaves.

  • Paper: Traditional handmade oriental paper stock.

  1. HAND ANALYSIS

  • Minimum Observed Hands: Principal Ottoman copyist.

  • Whole-Codex Hand Count: 1+.

  1. METALINGUISTIC VALUE

  • Manuscript Metalinguistic Value: HIGH (Ottoman religious prose, maktel literature, Ahl al-Bayt devotion, and sovereign panegyrics).

  1. LALA COMPARISON

  • A. Lala Linguistic Register Similarity: 5/5 (Exemplary classical Ottoman religious and elegiac register).

  • B. Lala Political Semantic Similarity: 4/5 (Reflects Ottoman religious devotion and sovereign legitimacy under Selim Han).

  • C. Lala Language Dating Utility: HIGH (Strong chronological correlation with Selim-era references).

  1. CORPUS ROLE

  • Corpus Role: CORE / MEVAIZ VE MAKTEL-I EHLIBEYT WITNESS.

  1. EVIDENCE GRADE

  • Evidence Grade: A (High confidence based on direct reading of manuscript text, Selim Han panegyrics, and maktel sections).

  1. DEDUP / RELATIONSHIP QC

  • Dedup Status: Examination of the manuscript witness of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt.

  1. ALL QC FIELDS

  • Object Count QC / Text Unit QC / Timestamp QC / Date Function QC / Date -> Object QC / Feature -> Object QC / Person Role QC / Place Function QC / Title QC / Evidence Class QC / Dedup QC / Timestamp Source Independence QC: PASS.

  1. HIGH-INFORMATION-GAIN TIMESTAMPS

  2. [00:00:04] — Milestone opening for Episode 477: introducing manuscript screening and selecting Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt.

  3. [01:31] — Introduction of Object A: examining the manuscript codex of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (~416 pages, starting at page 769).

  4. [03:41] — Codicological inspection: reviewing modern restoration binding, water damage, and missing initial quires.

  5. [01:10:57] — Sovereign reference: reading terminal panegyric verses praying for Ottoman Sultan Selim Han.

  6. HIGHEST-PRIORITY FOLLOWUP

  • Compare the sermons, elegies, and textual variants of this Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt witness with other maktel and mevaiz copies in the master corpus.

  1. RESEARCH LEADS

  • Layer 3 Inference: Episode 477 features a codicological and philological examination of an Ottoman manuscript witness of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt, ~416 extant pages, starting around page 769 due to missing initial folios). The speaker analyzes its material condition (modern restoration binding, water damage), reads through mixed prose sermons and elegies (maktel) dedicated to the Ahl al-Bayt, and examines terminal poetic panegyrics invoking blessings upon Ottoman Sultan Selim Han.

  1. SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY

  2. Episode 477 opens with traditional milestone blessings and manuscript screening.

  3. The speaker introduces Object A: a manuscript witness of Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt, ~416 pages extant, starting at page/folio 769).

  4. Codicological observations note modern restoration binding, water damage traces, missing initial quires, and mixed prose/verse formatting.

  5. Philological analysis covers religious sermons (mevaiz), elegies (maktel) on the Ahl al-Bayt, and mystical poetry.

  6. The session records terminal panegyric verses offering prayers for Ottoman Sultan Selim Han.

  7. Methodological standards are maintained by clearly separating observable manuscript text from speaker commentary.

  8. The session contributes supremely to the master corpus by documenting Ottoman religious literature, maktel traditions, and Ahl al-Bayt devotion.

  9. The episode concludes with warm closing blessings.

  10. PUBLICATION / WEB ARTICLE

Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt Nüshası ve Selim Han Kasideleri Tahlili: 477. Bölüm Tahlili

İslam tasavvuf ve edebiyat geleneğinde Ehlibeyt maslahatını, Kerbela olayını ve dini vaazları derleyen Maktel ve Mevaiz türü eserler, Osmanlı manevîiyatının inşasında mühim bir yere sahiptir.

  1. bölümde, (~416 sayfa muhtevasındaki, baş kısımlarındaki eksiklikler sebebiyle 769. sayfa/varaktan başlayan) Mevaiz ve Maktel-i Ehlibeyt (Məvaiz və Məqtəli Əhlibeyt) yazma nüshası mercek altına alınmıştır. Oturumun giriş kısmında nüshanın fizikî durumu (modern restorasyon cildi, su lekeleri, eksik ilk formalar) tahlil edilmiştir.

Oturumda ayrıca, eserin muhtevasından Ehlibeyt’e dair vaazlar, maktel sahneleri ve manzum ilahiler okunmuş; eserin sonunda Osmanlı sultanı Selim Han’a dua eden (“Ziyad qıl Selim Han cihanda birmurad”) panegirik beyitler tespit edilmiştir.

Bu yönüyle oturum, hem Osmanlı maktel/vaaz edebiyatı hem de Ehlibeyt kültürü açısından mühim bir çalışma olmuştur.









بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 474

 بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 474

https://youtube.com/live/wfEEzMUATRY






  1. VİDEO METADATA

  • Video ID: wfEEzMUATRY

  • Title: بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابlar 474 (Turkish Old Books Against Brain Engineering — Episode 474)

  • Publication Date: 2026-08-22

  • Duration: 1 hour 43 minutes 56 seconds (PT1H43M56S)

  1. PHYSICAL OBJECT COUNT

  • Physical Objects / Manuscripts / Prints: 1 primary historical manuscript examined in depth:

    • Mantıkü’t-Tayr (Məntiqi Teyri / Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî / Chagatai Turkic adaptation of Farid al-Din Attor's mystical allegorical epic by Mir Ali Shir Nava'i / Mir Əli Şir Nəvai), preserved in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF / National Library of France), ~135 folios / ~270 pages, featuring 4-column layout (dört sütun), illuminated headpieces (təzhib), water stains, French library inventory stamps and flyleaf notes dated May 1900, user ownership note by Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa, and a terminal colophon recording completion in 964 AH (1556–1557 CE) ("Yıl 960 irdi dağı 4 yıl... 964 oldu").

  • Physical Manuscripts: 1 primary manuscript source examined in detail.

  1. PREVIOUS / NEW WITNESS STATUS

  • Previous Witness Continuation: Continuation of manuscript screening from European national libraries (BnF Paris).

  • New Manuscript Witness: NEW / COMPARATIVE WITNESS (BnF Paris manuscript witness of Mir Ali Shir Nava'i's Mantıku’t-Tayr).

  1. PHYSICAL OBJECT MAP

  • OBJECT A: Manuscript codex of Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî (Mantıkü’t-Tayr by Mir Ali Shir Nava'i, BnF Paris, ~135 folios / ~270 pages, copied/completed in 964 AH / 1556–1557 CE), featuring 4-column layout, illuminated headpieces, French library stamps (May 1900), paper repairs, and ownership notes by Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa.

  1. TEXT-UNIT DECOMPOSITION

  • A1: Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî (Mantıkü’t-Tayr - Mir Ali Shir Nava'i).

  1. TITLE / IDENTIFICATION

  • Formal / Explicit Title: Mantıku’t-Tayr (Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî / Məntiqi Teyri Nəvai).

    ::Catalogue Title:* Mantiq al-Tayr by Mir Ali Shir Nava'i (Bibliotheque nationale de France Manuscript Witness).

  • Speaker Title: Məntiqi Teyri Nəvaii.

  1. INCIPIT / EXPLICIT

  • Incipit: Bismillâhi’r-rahmâni’r-rahîm followed by mystical allegorical preambles, 4-column verse layout, and illuminated headpieces [A].

    ::Explicit:* Terminal colophon and poetic completion date in 964 AH ("Yıl 960 irdi dağı 4 yıl 964 oldu... Kim uluin gönglü ka saldı bu örd həm bu tarix icrə kim qıldım şurui"), followed by authorial prayers and apologies for scribal errors [A].

  1. COLOPHON

  • Colophon Literal: Poetic colophon recording completion in 964 AH (1556–1557 CE) ("Yıl 960 irdi dağı 4 yıl 964 oldu") [A].

  1. DATES + DATE FUNCTIONS

Date / YearCalendar / EraObjectText UnitTimestampEvidence TypeDate FunctionConfidence
964 AH (1556–1557 CE)Hijri / GregorianObject AA1[01:40:12][C] Explicit poetic colophon date recordCompletion and composition epoch of Nava'i's Mantıku’t-Tayr copyHigh
May 1900 CEGregorianObject AA1[10:17][C] French library acquisition note recordAccession epoch into the French National Library collectionHigh
  1. PERSONS + ROLES

Literal Form (Native Script)Normalized FormRoleObjectText UnitTimestampEvidence TypeConfidence
Mir Əli Şir Nəvai (مير علي شير نوائي)Mir Ali Shir Nava'iAUTHOR / POETObject AA1[08:06][C] Authorial attribution on title pageHigh
Əbdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa (عبد المذنب عصمت مصطفى)Abdülmüzneb İsmet MustafaFORMER OWNERObject AA1[04:43][C] Ownership inscriptionHigh
  1. PLACES + FUNCTIONS

  • Holding Place: Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF), Paris, France [A].

  • Copy Place: Ottoman / Chagatai Realm.

  1. RULER

  • Ruler: Ottoman / Chagatai Sovereigns (Mid-16th Century CE).

  • Historical Synchronism: Mid-16th-century Turkic literary and scribal tradition.

  1. TURKISH / PERSIAN TEXT / REGISTER

  • Continuous Turkish Amount: HIGH (Chagatai Turkic mystical poetic verse in 4-column layout).

  • Form: VERSE (Mathnawi couplets in 4 columns).

  • Register: Classical Chagatai Literature / Mystical Allegory (Mantıku’t-Tayr).

  1. DIAGNOSTIC FORMS

  • Diagnostic Forms: Mantıku’t-Tayr, Nava'i, BnF, Paris, 964, 1900, Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa.

  1. MORPHOSYNTAX

  • Morphosyntax: Chagatai Turkic poetic syntax, numeric date encoding in verse ("960 irdi dağı 4 yıl 964 oldu"), and colophon prayer formulas.

  1. Insights / Script: Fine Chagatai/Ottoman Nasta'liq scribe hand in 4 columns.

  2. ORTHOGRAPHY

  • Orthography: Traditional Arabic script orthography with 4-column verse block layout, illuminated headpieces (təzhib), water damage traces, French inventory stamps, and marginal cues (təqibe).

  1. VOCALIZATION / PHONOGRAPHIC VALUE

  • Vocalization Density: LOW.

  • PHONOGRAPHIC VALUE: NONE.

  1. PALEOGRAPHIC Profile

  • Paleographic Profile: Episode 474 examines a manuscript witness of Mantıku’t-Tayr (Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî / Chagatai Turkic adaptation of Farid al-Din Attor's mystical allegorical epic by Mir Ali Shir Nava'i), preserved in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) in Paris under ~135 folios (~270 pages). The manuscript features a 4-column verse layout (dört sütun), illuminated headpieces (təzhib), water stains, French library inventory stamps and accession notes dated May 1900, an ownership inscription by Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa, and a terminal poetic colophon recording completion in 964 AH (1556–1557 CE) ("Yıl 960 irdi dağı 4 yıl 964 oldu").

  1. LAYOUT / DESCRIPTIVE FEATURES

  • Layout: Four-column poetic verse layout (dört sütun), illuminated headpieces (təzhib), marginal catchwords (təqibe), French library inventory stamps on flyleaves.

  • Decoration: Illuminated headpieces (təzhib) and rubricated verse markers.

  • Binding: Historical European library binding with paper repairs and spine wear.

  • Paper: Traditional handmade oriental paper stock with French accession flyleaves.

  1. HAND ANALYSIS

  • Minimum Observed Hands: Principal Chagatai/Ottoman copyist; French library catalogers.

  • Whole-Codex Hand Count: 1+.

  1. METALINGUISTIC VALUE

  • Manuscript Metalinguistic Value: HIGH (Chagatai classical literature, Nava'i reception, BnF manuscript provenance, and 4-column mathnawi layout).

  1. LALA COMPARISON

  • A. Lala Linguistic Register Similarity: 5/5 (Exemplary classical Chagatai Turkic poetic and mystical register).

  • B. Lala Political Semantic Similarity: 4/5 (Reflects Timurid-Chagatai literary heritage and European library preservation).

  • C. Lala Language Dating Utility: HIGH (Strong chronological correlation with explicit 964 AH poetic colophon date).

  1. CORPUS ROLE

  • Corpus Role: CORE / MANTIKÜ'T-TAYR & BNF PARIS WITNESS.

  1. EVIDENCE GRADE

  • Evidence Grade: A (High confidence based on direct reading of BnF manuscript text, 964 AH poetic colophon, and BnF Paris accession stamps).

  1. DEDUP / RELATIONSHIP QC

  • Dedup Status: Examination of the BnF Paris witness of Nava'i's Mantıku’t-Tayr.

  1. ALL QC FIELDS

  • Object Count QC / Text Unit QC / Timestamp QC / Date Function QC / Date -> Object QC / Feature -> Object QC / Person Role QC / Place Function QC / Title QC / Evidence Class QC / Dedup QC / Timestamp Source Independence QC: PASS.

  1. HIGH-INFORMATION-GAIN TIMESTAMPS

  2. [00:00:06] — Milestone opening for Episode 474: introducing manuscript screening from European libraries and selecting Mir Ali Shir Nava'i's Mantıku’t-Tayr.

  3. [05:39] — Codicological and layout analysis: examining the 4-column verse layout (dört sütun), illuminated headpieces (təzhib), and water damage traces.

  4. [00:10:17] — Provenance inspection: reviewing French National Library (BnF Paris) accession notes and stamps dated May 1900.

  5. [01:40:12] — Colophon reading: terminal poetic date record in the verse colophon recording completion in 964 AH (1556–1557 CE) ("Yıl 960 irdi dağı 4 yıl 964 oldu").

  6. HIGHEST-PRIORITY FOLLOWUP

  • Compare the textual variants, marginalia, and poetic colophon of this BnF Paris witness of Nava'i's Mantıku’t-Tayr with other copies in the master corpus.

  1. RESEARCH LEADS

  • Layer 3 Inference: Episode 474 features a codicological and philological examination of a manuscript witness of Mantıku’t-Tayr (Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî by Mir Ali Shir Nava'i, preserved in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris, ~135 folios / ~270 pages). The speaker analyzes its material condition (water damage, French library stamps from May 1900, ownership note by Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa), studies its 4-column verse layout (dört sütun), reads through mystical allegorical verses, and transcribes the terminal poetic colophon documenting completion in 964 AH (1556–1557 CE).

  1. SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY

  2. Episode 474 opens with traditional milestone blessings and a review of manuscript resources.

  3. The speaker introduces Object A: a manuscript witness of Mantıku’t-Tayr (Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî by Mir Ali Shir Nava'i, BnF Paris, ~270 pages).

  4. Codicological inspection reveals a 4-column verse layout (dört sütun), illuminated headpieces (təzhib), water stains, paper repairs, and BnF Paris inventory stamps and flyleaf notes dated May 1900.

  5. Provenance analysis reads the user ownership inscription by Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa.

  6. Philological reading covers Chagatai mystical poetry and decodes the terminal poetic colophon establishing completion in 964 AH (1556–1557 CE).

  7. Methodological standards are maintained by clearly separating observable manuscript text from speaker commentary.

  8. The session contributes supremely to the master corpus by documenting Chagatai classical literature, Nava'i reception, and BnF Paris manuscript holdings.

  9. The episode concludes with warm closing blessings.

  10. PUBLICATION / WEB ARTICLE

Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi Nüshası Nevâyî’nin Mantıku’t-Tayr’ı ve 964 Tarihli Kolofon Tahlili: 474. Bölüm Tahlili

Türk edebiyatının zirve şahsiyetlerinden Ali Şîr Nevâyî’nin Ferîdüddîn Attâr’ın aynı adlı eserinden Çağatay Türkçesine uyarladığı Mantıku’t-Tayr (Mantıku’t-Tayr-ı Nâvâyî), tasavvufi alegori edebiyatının şaheserlerindendir.

  1. bölümde, Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi’nde (Bibliothèque nationale de France - BnF) muhafaza edilen (~270 sayfalık) Mantıku’t-Tayr yazma nüshası mercek altına alınmıştır. Oturumun giriş kısmında Avrupa kütüphanelerindeki Türk yazmaları üzerine yapılan değerlendirmelerin ardından nüshanın kodikolojik özellikleri (dört sütunlu manzum metin düzeni, tezhipli serlevhalar, su lekeleri, kâğıt tamirleri, Mayıs 1900 tarihli BnF demirbaş kayıtları ve Abdülmüzneb İsmet Mustafa’ya ait mülkiyet mührü/notu) tahlil edilmiştir.

Oturumda ayrıca, eserin muhtevasından beyitler okunmuş; eserin sonunda yer alan manzum kolofonda eserin 964 hicri (1556–1557 miladi) yılında ikmal edildiğini belirten “Yıl 960 irdi dağı 4 yıl 964 oldu” ibaresi tespit edilmiştir.

Bu yönüyle oturum, hem Çağatay edebiyatı hem de Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi yazma eser proveniansı açısından mühim bir çalışma olmuştur.















بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 494

  بئیین موهندیسلیگینه قارشی تورکجه اسکی کیتابلار 494 https://youtube.com/live/3X_DG1Q3_BM İndi bu sualı əvvəlkindən xeyli dəqiq cavablandıra...